On November 17, 2023, at 16:00, a lecture on the topic of Brazilian Criminal Law Framework Against Organized Crime and Terrorism was held The lecture was held as scheduled in the conference room of the Law School of Southeast University. MPMA Cássius Guimarães CHAI, Full Professor of Law and Geopolitics at the Federal University of Maranhão, Full Professor of Law at Faculdade de Direito de VitÃria, Professor at the National School of Public Prosecution and the School of Public Prosecution of the State of Maranhão, and MPMA Cássius Guimarães CHAI, the State Public Prosecutor of the State of Brazil, served as the keynote speaker, Prof. Li Chuan of the Faculty of Law served as the moderator, and Associate Prof. Yi Bo served as the discussant. Associate Professor Li Chuan of our school was the moderator and Associate Professor Yi Bo was the talker.

Prof. Cássius Guimarães Chai firstly introduced some basic knowledge about the Brazilian Constitution, pointing out that Brazil is a federal country, and there are two legislative and judicial systems, one at the central level and the other at the local level. However, Brazil has only one criminal code and one criminal procedure code. The states do not have the power to make changes to the criminal code and the criminal procedure code. Secondly, Prof. Chai introduced the principles of criminal law. Like China, Brazil is a codified country and adheres to the principle of legality of crimes and penalties. In terms of legislation on organized crime, Brazil had transposed the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime into domestic law in 2012. Different laws and different crimes have different criteria for the number of people in an organization, for example, a group of four or more people can be prosecuted under the Anti-Organized Crime Law, a group of three people can only be prosecuted under ordinary criminal law, while two people can be considered a group in the case of drug-trafficking crimes, and based on this, the sentencing will be different as well. . For organized crime, there are generally four elements, the first is stable behavior, the second is the existence of division of labor rules, the third is that its goal is to commit crimes, and the fourth is that the organization exhibits entrepreneurialism. Professor Chai then introduced the Brazilian Anti-Money-Laundering Law and pointed out that organized criminals would transfer their illicitly acquired property between countries in various ways, making it difficult to trace. The lack of agreement between countries makes it difficult to recover property, for example, some banks in Switzerland do not record the real names of depositors, some criminals use the blockchain to transfer property or use fake news to divert the attention of case officers.Prof. Chai pointed out that every organized criminal needs to launder money, and that international conventions can combine anti-money-laundering laws to combat organized crime. For the linkage of organized crime, money laundering and corruption, the most important thing is to strengthen social control. Finally, Prof. Chai advocated that China and Brazil are both BRICS countries with similar understanding of law and enjoying the same legal culture, our laws should be predictable, reciprocal and effective, and the BRICS countries should strengthen mutual legal cooperation and legal assistance to fight against all kinds of crimes.

During the Q&A session, students and teachers asked questions about the Brazilian civil law system and the role of artificial intelligence in preventing and combating crime in Brazil, Chai introduced the Brazilian civil law system by comparing the civil law systems in China and Brazil, and he believed that artificial intelligence could play a crucial role in combating organized crime. Associate Prof. Yi Bo and Prof. Chai discussed China's Belt and Road policy and the comparison of various legal systems. Finally, Prof. Li Chuan expressed his heartfelt thanks to Prof. Chai for his wonderful speech. At this point, the lecture was successfully concluded.